OpenAI Details Pando, Its In-House Git Backend: Median Push Latency Down Nearly 5x, Nearly 1 PB Served Daily, Built With Codex in 10 Weeks
On November 2 OpenAI published "Scaling Git at OpenAI", describing Pando, a Git-compatible backend it built for its monorepo. Per OpenAI, Pando cut median push latency by nearly 5x (about 80%), now delivers nearly a petabyte of Git data per day, and has served more than 57 TB in a single hour. It is written in Rust, its core was designed by one engineer and implemented by teams of Codex agents, and it went from kick-off to production in 10 weeks, serving production traffic since April. The trigger: Codex multiplied parallel branches and pushes, and the old system's reliability at times fell below 90%.

Key Takeaways
- Per OpenAI: median push latency down nearly 5x (about 80%), nearly 1 PB of Git data delivered per day, and a peak of more than 57 TB in one hour, with over 99% of bytes from local disk cache.
- The trigger: Codex let engineers run far more branches and CI jobs in parallel; the old system struggled from late last year, with reliability at times below 90%.
- The key trade-off: Pando drops repository-wide consistency for per-branch causal consistency and reuses pushed packfiles, stored as immutable blobs, to serve later fetches.
- Written in Rust, core designed by one engineer and implemented by teams of Codex agents in 10 weeks; agents using GPT-6 Astra also wrote Lean and TLA+ specs to find bugs and prove properties.
- Several improvements, such as packfile-uri fixes, are already in upstream Git, and OpenAI says it is exploring ways to share the technology with users.



